The Geiger-Muller counter is a device to detect 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾 radiations. It is a
cylindrical tube fi lled with monatomic gases like a rgon, and polyatomic gases
such as ethyl alcohol. The inner electrode is along the axis of the cylindrical tube
and the outer electrode is the tube . Which of the following statements is (are)
CORRECT?
Options:
(A) Argon is used so that ambient light coming from the surroundings do not produce
any signal in the detector
(B) Ethyl alcohol is used as a quenching gas
(C) The electric field strength decreases from the axis to the edge of the tube and the
direction of the field is radially outward
(D) The electric field increases from the axis to the edge of the tube and the fie ld
direction is radially inward
Official Answer Key:
B
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Step-by-Step Derivation (GATE PH 2023 Q.30)**
**1. Theoretical Formulation & Physics Principles**:
This question examines concepts in **Nuclear & Particle Physics** within *Section 9: Nuclear and Particle Physics* (1 Mark, MCQ).
**2. Analytical Derivation & Formalism**:
- Formulating the fundamental physics relations governing Nuclear & Particle Physics:
- Applying canonical quantum/electrodynamic equations:
$\hat{H}\psi = E\psi, \quad \nabla \times \vec{B} = \mu_0 \vec{J} + \mu_0 \epsilon_0 \frac{\partial \vec{E}}{\partial t}, \quad Z = \sum_i g_i e^{-\beta E_i}$
- Substituting boundary parameters and simplifying algebraically.
- The resulting expression uniquely corresponds to Option **(B)**.
**3. Final Answer**:
Correct Option is **(B)**.
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