GATE PH 2012 • Q51 NAT • 2 Marks

Section 9: Nuclear and Particle Physics

Nuclear & Particle Physics

Subtopic: Nuclear Models, Radioactivity & Elementary Particles

Question Statement:

The force constant between the nearest neighbour of the lattice is (M is the mass of the atom) (A) 2 4 MA (B) 2 2 MA (C) 2MA (D) 2 2MA BT /TT0 8.04 Tf 53.88 766.68 Td [(2)-5.995 (0)6.99 (1)7.002 (2)-5.995 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )10.995 ( )-2.985 ( )-3.01 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )10.995 ( )-2.985 ( )-3.01 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )11.007 ( )-48.769 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-3.01 ( )-2.985 ( )10.995 ( )-3.01 ( )-2.998 ( )11.007 ( )-3.01 ( )-2.998 ( )11.007 ( )-3.01 ( )-2.998 ( )11.007 ( )-3.01 ( )-2.998 ( )11.007 ( )-3.01 ( )-2.998 ( )11.007 ( )-3.01 ( )-2.998 ( )11.007 ( )-3.01 ( )-2.998 ( )11.007 ( )-3.01 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-3.01 ( )10.995 ( )-2.985 ( )-3.01 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-3.01 ( )-2.985 ( )10.983 ( )-2.985 ( )-3.01 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-2.998 ( )-2.998 ( )10.995 ( )-37.637 ( )]TJ 0.03 Tc 433.54 0 Td ( )Tj 0 Tc [(P)3.993 (H)6.007 (Y)5.995 (S)-10 (I)34.005 (C)-4.005 (S)4.005 ( )]TJ /C2_0 8.04 Tf 38.88 0 Td <00B1>Tj /TT0 8.04 Tf 4.08 0 Td ( )Tj -0.0302 Tc 2.04 0Tj /TT0 12 Tf 0 Tc 10.08 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 0 -0.12 595.44 842.16 re W* n 52.44 763.32 490.66 0.48 re f* Q BT /TT0 8.04 Tf -0.0302 Tc 53.88 69.984Tj /TT0 12 Tf 0 Tc 10.224 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 0 -0.12 595.44 842.16 re W* n 52.44 78.264 490.66 0.48 re f* Q q 369.07 69.384 171.98 9.24 re W* n q 369.07 69.384 171.98 9.24 re W* n BT /TT0 8.04 Tf 0.06 Tc 522.82 71.424 Td (13)Tj ET Q q 369.07 69.384 171.98 9.24 re W* n BT /TT0 8.04 Tf 530.86 71.424 Td (/)Tj ET Q q 369.07 69.384 171.98 9.24 re W* n BT /TT0 8.04 Tf -0.06 Tc 533.14 71.424 Td (20)Tj ET Q q 369.07 69.384 171.98 9.24 re W* n BT /TT0 8.04 Tf 541.06 71.424 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q BT /TT1 12.96 Tf 53.88 751.18 Td [(Linked )-6.998 (Answ)-16.998 (er Question)-6.296 (s)-9.151 ( )]TJ ET q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT1 12 Tf 59.28 725.26 Td [(S)-3 (tat)6 (e)-5 (m)13 (e)4 (n)-3 (t f)-3 (or)4 ( L)-2 (in)-5 (k)-3 (e)4 (d)-3 ( Answ)-10 (e)4 (r)4 ( Qu)-5 (e)4 (stion)-3 (s 52 an)5 (d)6 ( 53:)]TJ ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 12 Tf 321.67 725.26 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 327.67 725.26 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 12 Tf 59.28 711.7 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 62.28 711.7 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 59.28 698.74 Td [(I)17.998 (n )-97.002 (a )-97.998 (hy)11.005 (dr)-3.007 (og)11.005 (en )-97.998 (at)-5 (om)16.993 (, )-96.993 (cons)6.993 (i)6.005 (der)-5 ( )-86.005 (t)-3.995 (ha)8.995 (t)-3.995 ( )-86.005 (t)-3.995 (he)8.995 ( )-96.993 (e)8.995 (l)-3.995 (ec)7.998 (t)-4.004 (r)-2.998 (o)10.996 (ni)-3.995 (c)8.995 ( )-96.993 (ch)8.995 (ar)5 (g)11.005 (e )-98.007 (i)-3.995 (s )-99.004 (u)11.005 (ni)5.996 (f)-2.998 (or)-2.998 (m)16.993 (l)-3.995 (y)10.996 ( )-97.002 (di)-3.995 (s)8.995 (t)-3.995 (r)7.002 (i)-4.004 (but)5.996 (ed)9.004 ( )-97.002 (i)-3.995 (n)10.987 ( )-97.002 (a )-87.998 (sphe)7.002 (r)-2.989 (i)5.987 (ca)-2.002 (l)6.014 ( )-97.011 (v)10.996 (ol)-3.995 (um)16.993 (e )-97.998 (of)7.002 ( )]TJ ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 59.28 685.3 Td [(r)17.998 (a)20 (d)22.002 (i)17.002 (u)22.002 (s)18.995 ( )]TJ ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT2 11.04 Tf 88.224 685.3 Td (a)Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 93.504 685.3 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 96.744 685.3 Td [(\()17.998 (=)21.005 ( )-42.002 (0)22.002 (.)21.993 (5)11.005 ( )]TJ ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 125.9 685.3 Td <0075>Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 131.78 685.3 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf -0.24 Tc 135.02 685.3 Td (10)Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 145.7 690.34 Td (-)Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf -0.12 Tc 147.74 690.34 Td (10)Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 154.34 685.3 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 157.7 685.3 Td [(m)39.004 (\))17.998 ( )-42.002 (a)20 (r)7.002 (o)22.002 (u)21.993 (n)22.002 (d)22.002 ( )-42.002 (t)17.002 (h)22.002 (e)20 ( )-42.002 (p)22.002 (r)17.998 (o)22.002 (t)17.002 (o)21.993 (n)11.005 (.)22.002 ( )-42.002 (T)12.998 (h)22.002 (e)20 ( )-42.002 (a)20 (t)17.002 (o)10.996 (m)39.004 ( )-42.002 (i)5.996 (s)19.004 ( )-42.002 (p)22.002 (l)17.002 (a)20 (c)20 (e)20 (d)22.002 ( )-42.002 (i)17.002 (n)21.993 ( )-41.993 (a)20 ( )-42.002 (u)22.002 (n)21.993 (i)17.002 (f)17.998 (o)22.002 (r)7.002 (m)27.998 ( )-42.002 (e)20 (l)17.002 (e)20 (c)20 (t)17.002 (r)17.998 (i)17.002 (c)20 ( )-42.002 (f)17.998 (i)17.002 (e)20 (l)17.002 (d)22.002 ( )]TJ ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT2 11.04 Tf 453.1 685.3 Td (E)Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 459.58 685.3 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 462.82 685.3 Td [(=)20.996 ( )-41.993 (3)21.993 (0)22.002 ( )]TJ ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 485.86 685.3 Td <0075>Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 491.74 685.3 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf -0.12 Tc 494.98 685.3 Td (10)Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 505.66 690.34 Td (5)Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 508.9 685.3 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 512.14 685.3 Td [(V)15 (/)5.996 (m)28.007 (.)]TJ ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 533.86 685.3 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 59.28 672.58 Td [(A)5 (ss)-4.004 (um)17.002 (e t)-5 (hat)-5 ( )11.005 (t)-4.004 (he )9.004 (sphe)6.993 (r)-2.998 (i)6.005 (ca)7.998 (l)-4.004 ( d)11.005 (i)-4.004 (st)4.004 (r)-3.007 (i)6.005 (but)5.996 (i)-3.995 (on o)10.996 (f)-2.998 ( t)5.996 (he ne)-2.002 (g)11.005 (at)5 (i)-4.013 (v)11.005 (e c)7.998 (har)-5 (g)10.996 (e r)-5 (em)15 (ai)-5 (ns )9.004 (undi)5.996 (st)-5.996 (o)10.996 (r)-2.998 (t)5.996 (ed u)9.004 (nder)-5 ( )10.996 (t)-3.995 (he )8.995 (el)-5 (e)9.004 (ct)5 (r)-2.998 (i)5.996 (c f)5 (i)-3.995 (e)8.995 (l)-3.995 (d. )]TJ ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 9.96 Tf 523.66 672.58 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 12 Tf 59.28 659.14 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 656.14 486.1 80.16 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 62.28 659.14 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 53.52 608.98 33.984 39.96 re W* n q 53.52 608.98 33.984 39.96 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 58.92 638.98 Td [(Q)5 (.52)]TJ ET Q q 53.52 608.98 33.984 39.96 re W* n BT /TT3 11.04 Tf 80.664 638.98 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 608.98 33.984 39.96 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 94.944 638.98 Td (\()Tj ET Q q 53.52 608.98 33.984 39.96 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 98.664 638.98 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 87.504 622.54 452.11 26.4 re W* n q 87.504 622.54 452.11 26.4 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 92.904 638.98 Td [(I)17.998 (n t)-3.995 (he e)-2.002 (qui)-4.004 (l)6.005 (i)-4.004 (b)10.996 (r)-2.998 (i)-3.995 (um)16.993 ( condi)5 (t)6.005 (i)-4.004 (o)11.005 (n, t)-4.004 (he )9.004 (se)-3.007 (p)11.005 (ar)-5 (a)8.995 (t)-3.995 (i)5.987 (on be)9.013 (t)-4.013 (w)5 (ee)-2.002 (n )11.005 (t)5.996 (he pos)7.002 (i)-4.004 (t)6.005 (i)-4.004 (v)11.005 (e a)-2.002 (nd )10.996 (t)-3.995 (he n)8.995 (eg)9.004 (at)-5 (i)-4.004 (v)11.005 (e)8.995 ( cha)-2.002 (r)-2.998 (g)11.005 (e c)7.998 (ent)5 (er)-5 (s )8.995 (i)-3.995 (s)]TJ ET Q q 87.504 622.54 452.11 26.4 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 527.62 638.98 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 87.504 622.54 452.11 26.4 re W* n BT /TT0 12 Tf 92.904 625.54 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 87.504 622.54 452.11 26.4 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 95.904 625.54 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 87.504 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n q 87.504 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 92.904 611.74 Td [(\()-2.998 (A)5 (\))-2.998 ( 8.66 )]TJ ET Q q 87.504 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 132.98 611.74 Td <0075>Tj ET Q q 87.504 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 139.1 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 87.504 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf -0.12 Tc 141.86 611.74 Td (10)Tj ET Q q 87.504 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 152.78 616.78 Td (-)Tj ET Q q 87.504 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 155.06 616.78 Td (16)Tj ET Q q 87.504 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 162.02 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 87.504 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 164.78 611.74 Td (m)Tj ET Q q 87.504 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 173.3 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 0.0437 Tc 199.13 611.74 Td (\(B)Tj ET Q q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 210.17 611.74 Td [(\))-2.998 ( 2.60)10.996 ( )]TJ ET Q q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 238.61 611.74 Td <0075>Tj ET Q q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 244.73 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf -0.12 Tc 247.49 611.74 Td (10)Tj ET Q q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 258.41 616.78 Td (-)Tj ET Q q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 260.69 616.78 Td (15)Tj ET Q q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 267.65 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 270.41 611.74 Td (m)Tj ET Q q 193.73 608.98 106.32 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 278.93 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 300.05 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n q 300.05 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 305.45 611.74 Td [(\()-2.998 (C)3.995 (\))-2.998 ( 2.60)11.005 ( )]TJ ET Q q 300.05 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 344.95 611.74 Td <0075>Tj ET Q q 300.05 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 351.07 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 300.05 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf -0.12 Tc 353.83 611.74 Td (10)Tj ET Q q 300.05 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 364.75 616.78 Td (-)Tj ET Q q 300.05 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 367.03 616.78 Td (16)Tj ET Q q 300.05 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 373.99 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 300.05 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 376.75 611.74 Td (m)Tj ET Q q 300.05 608.98 106.22 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 385.27 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 406.27 608.98 133.34 13.56 re W* n q 406.27 608.98 133.34 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 411.67 611.74 Td [(\()-2.998 (D)5 (\))-2.998 ( 8.66 )]TJ ET Q q 406.27 608.98 133.34 13.56 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 451.78 611.74 Td <0075>Tj ET Q q 406.27 608.98 133.34 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 457.9 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 406.27 608.98 133.34 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf -0.12 Tc 460.66 611.74 Td (10)Tj ET Q q 406.27 608.98 133.34 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 471.58 616.78 Td (-)Tj ET Q q 406.27 608.98 133.34 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 473.86 616.78 Td (15)Tj ET Q q 406.27 608.98 133.34 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 480.82 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 406.27 608.98 133.34 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 483.58 611.74 Td (m)Tj ET Q q 406.27 608.98 133.34 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 492.1 611.74 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q BT /TT0 12 Tf 53.88 598.18 Td ( )Tj /TT0 11.04 Tf 1 0 0 1 56.88 598.18 Tm ( )Tj ET q 53.88 561.91 33.984 33.264 re W* n q 53.88 561.91 33.984 33.264 re W* n BT 59.28 585.22 Td [(Q)5 (.53)]TJ ET Q q 53.88 561.91 33.984 33.264 re W* n BT /TT3 11.04 Tf 81.024 585.22 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.88 561.91 33.984 33.264 re W* n BT 95.304 585.22 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.88 561.91 33.984 33.264 re W* n BT 98.064 585.22 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 87.864 582.58 452.11 12.6 re W* n q 87.864 582.58 452.11 12.6 re W* n BT 93.624 585.22 Td [(T)-7.998 (he)8.995 ( pol)6.005 (ar)5 (i)-4.004 (z)9.004 (abi)5 (l)-4.004 (i)6.005 (t)-4.004 (y)10.996 ( of)-2.998 ( t)-3.995 (h)10.996 (e hy)9.004 (dr)-3.007 (og)11.005 (en a)-2.002 (t)5.996 (om)17.002 ( i)-3.995 (n uni)-4.004 (t)5.996 ( of)-2.998 ( )11.005 (\()-3.007 (C)]TJ ET Q q 87.864 582.58 452.11 12.6 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 326.23 590.26 Td (2)Tj ET Q q 87.864 582.58 452.11 12.6 re W* n BT 329.71 585.22 Td [(m)17.002 (/)-4.004 (N)5 (\))-2.998 ( i)-4.004 (s)]TJ ET Q q 87.864 582.58 452.11 12.6 re W* n BT 363.07 585.22 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 87.864 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n q 87.864 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT 93.264 564.55 Td [(\()-2.998 (A)5 (\))-2.998 ( 2.0 )]TJ ET Q q 87.864 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 127.82 564.55 Td <0075>Tj ET Q q 87.864 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT 133.94 564.55 Td <20>Tj ET Q q 87.864 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT 136.7 564.55 Td <3130>Tj ET Q q 87.864 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 147.74 569.59 Td (-)Tj ET Q q 87.864 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 150.02 569.59 Td (40)Tj ET Q q 87.864 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 9.96 Tf 156.86 564.55 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 194.09 561.91 106.32 13.464 re W* n q 194.09 561.91 106.32 13.464 re W* n BT 199.49 564.55 Td [(\()-2.998 (B)3.995 (\))-2.998 ( 1.4 )]TJ ET Q q 194.09 561.91 106.32 13.464 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 233.45 564.55 Td <0075>Tj ET Q q 194.09 561.91 106.32 13.464 re W* n BT 239.57 564.55 Td <20>Tj ET Q q 194.09 561.91 106.32 13.464 re W* n BT 242.33 564.55 Td <3130>Tj ET Q q 194.09 561.91 106.32 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 253.37 569.59 Td (-)Tj ET Q q 194.09 561.91 106.32 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 255.65 569.59 Td (41)Tj ET Q q 194.09 561.91 106.32 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 9.96 Tf 262.49 564.55 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 300.41 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n q 300.41 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT 305.69 564.55 Td [(\()-2.998 (C)3.995 (\))-2.998 ( 1.4 )]TJ ET Q q 300.41 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 342.43 564.55 Td <0075>Tj ET Q q 300.41 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT 348.55 564.55 Td <20>Tj ET Q q 300.41 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT -0.12 Tc 351.31 564.55 Td <3130>Tj ET Q q 300.41 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 362.23 569.59 Td (-)Tj ET Q q 300.41 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 364.51 569.59 Td (40)Tj ET Q q 300.41 561.91 106.22 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 9.96 Tf 371.47 564.55 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 406.63 561.91 133.34 13.464 re W* n q 406.63 561.91 133.34 13.464 re W* n BT 412.03 564.55 Td [(\()-2.998 (D)5 (\))-2.998 ( 2.0 )]TJ ET Q q 406.63 561.91 133.34 13.464 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 449.38 564.55 Td <0075>Tj ET Q q 406.63 561.91 133.34 13.464 re W* n BT 455.5 564.55 Td <20>Tj ET Q q 406.63 561.91 133.34 13.464 re W* n BT 458.26 564.55 Td <3130>Tj ET Q q 406.63 561.91 133.34 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 469.3 569.59 Td (-)Tj ET Q q 406.63 561.91 133.34 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 6.96 Tf 471.58 569.59 Td (39)Tj ET Q q 406.63 561.91 133.34 13.464 re W* n BT /TT0 9.96 Tf 478.42 564.55 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q BT 53.88 551.95 Td ( )Tj /TT0 9.96 Tf 1 0 0 1 56.64 551.95 Tm ( )Tj ET q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT1 12 Tf 59.28 538.15 Td [(S)-3 (tat)6 (e)-5 (m)13 (e)4 (n)-3 (t f)-3 (or)4 ( L)-2 (in)-5 (k)-3 (e)4 (d)-3 ( Answ)-10 (e)4 (r)4 ( Qu)-5 (e)4 (stion)-3 (s 54 an)5 (d)6 ( 55:)]TJ ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 12 Tf 321.67 538.15 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 327.67 538.15 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 12 Tf 59.28 524.59 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 62.28 524.59 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 59.28 508.63 Td [(A)5 ( )-10 (par)5 (t)-4.004 (i)-3.995 (c)]TJ ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 95.184 508.63 Td [(l)-4.004 (e of)-5 ( )-10 (m)17.002 (as)-2.998 (s )]TJ ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT2 11.04 Tf 142.94 508.63 Td (m)Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 150.86 508.63 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 153.62 508.63 Td [(sl)4.004 (i)-4.004 (des)7.002 ( under)5 ( )-10 (t)-4.004 (h)11.005 (e )-12.002 (g)10.996 (r)-2.998 (av)9.004 (i)-4.004 (t)-4.004 (y)11.005 ( )-10 (w)5 (i)-4.004 (t)-3.995 (ho)10.996 (ut)-4.004 ( f)-2.998 (r)7.002 (i)-4.004 (ct)5 (i)-3.995 (on al)-5 (o)10.987 (ng)11.005 ( )-10 (t)-4.004 (he )-12.002 (p)11.005 (ar)5 (abol)5 (i)-4.004 (c p)9.004 (at)-5 (h )]TJ ET Q q 0.53194 0 0 0.25 440.56 503.58 cm /TT0 9.96 Tf 0 TL/Fm0 Do Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 478.9 508.63 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 481.78 508.63 Td [(as)-2.998 ( shown in)8.995 ( )]TJ ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 59.28 493.63 Td [(t)-4.004 (he )9.004 (f)-2.998 (i)-4.004 (g)11.005 (ur)-3.007 (e. He)12.002 (r)-2.998 (e )]TJ ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT2 11.04 Tf 131.54 493.63 Td (a)Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 136.94 493.63 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 139.7 493.63 Td [(i)-4.004 (s)9.004 ( a c)-2.002 (o)11.005 (nst)3.995 (ant)-5 (.)]TJ ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 196.85 493.63 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 12 Tf 59.28 365.09 Td ( \ )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 12 Tf 419.47 365.09 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 12 Tf 431.47 365.09 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 365.09 486.1 184.1 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 443.47 365.09 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 53.52 271.01 33.984 86.88 re W* n q 53.52 271.01 33.984 86.88 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 58.92 347.93 Td [(Q)5 (.54)]TJ ET Q q 53.52 271.01 33.984 86.88 re W* n BT /TT3 11.04 Tf 80.664 347.93 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 271.01 33.984 86.88 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 94.944 347.93 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.52 271.01 33.984 86.88 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 97.704 347.93 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 87.504 332.57 452.11 25.32 re W* n q 87.504 332.57 452.11 25.32 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 92.904 347.93 Td [(T)-7.998 (he)8.995 ( Lag)12.002 (r)-2.998 (ang)9.004 (i)-4.004 (an )9.004 (f)-3.007 (or)-2.998 ( )11.005 (t)-4.004 (h)10.996 (i)-3.995 (s p)8.995 (ar)5 (t)-3.995 (i)-4.004 (c)9.004 (l)-4.004 (e )9.004 (i)-4.004 (s g)9.004 (i)-4.004 (v)11.005 (en by)8.995 (,)]TJ ET Q q 87.504 332.57 452.11 25.32 re W* n BT 286.61 347.93 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 87.504 332.57 452.11 25.32 re W* n BT /TT0 12 Tf 92.904 335.21 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 87.504 332.57 452.11 25.32 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 95.904 335.21 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 87.504 301.73 212.54 30.84 re W* n q 87.504 301.73 212.54 30.84 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 92.904 313.85 Td [(\()-2.998 (A)5 (\))-2.998 ( )]TJ ET Q q 1.2812 0 0 0.42639 110.96 301.88 cm /TT0 9.96 Tf 0 TL/Fm1 Do Q q 87.504 301.73 212.54 30.84 re W* n BT 203.21 313.85 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 300.05 301.73 239.57 30.84 re W* n q 300.05 301.73 239.57 30.84 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 305.45 313.85 Td [(\()-2.998 (B)3.995 (\))-2.998 ( )]TJ ET Q q 2 0 0 0.42639 322.86 301.88 cm /TT0 9.96 Tf 0 TL/Fm2 Do Q q 300.05 301.73 239.57 30.84 re W* n BT 466.9 313.85 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 87.504 271.01 212.54 30.72 re W* n q 87.504 271.01 212.54 30.72 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 92.904 283.01 Td [(\()-2.998 (C)3.995 (\))-2.998 ( )]TJ ET Q q 1.2917 0 0 0.42639 110.36 271.03 cm /TT0 9.96 Tf 0 TL/Fm3 Do Q q 87.504 271.01 212.54 30.72 re W* n BT 203.33 283.01 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 300.05 271.01 239.57 30.72 re W* n q 300.05 271.01 239.57 30.72 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 305.45 283.01 Td [(\()-2.998 (D)5 (\))-2.998 ( )]TJ ET Q q 2.0097 0 0 0.42639 323.46 271.03 cm /TT0 9.96 Tf 0 TL/Fm4 Do Q q 300.05 271.01 239.57 30.72 re W* n BT 468.22 283.01 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 53.88 261.05 Td ( )Tj /TT0 9.96 Tf 1 0 0 1 56.64 261.05 Tm ( )Tj ET q 53.88 201.62 33.984 56.784 re W* n q 53.88 201.62 33.984 56.784 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 59.28 248.45 Td [(Q)5 (.55)]TJ ET Q q 53.88 201.62 33.984 56.784 re W* n BT /TT3 11.04 Tf 81.024 248.45 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.88 201.62 33.984 56.784 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 95.304 248.45 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 53.88 201.62 33.984 56.784 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 98.064 248.45 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 87.864 244.85 452.11 13.56 re W* n q 87.864 244.85 452.11 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 93.624 247.61 Td [(T)-7.998 (he)8.995 ( Lag)12.002 (r)-2.998 (ang)9.004 (e)]TJ ET Q q 87.864 244.85 452.11 13.56 re W* n BT /C0_0 11.04 Tf 155.06 247.61 Td <0063>Tj ET Q q 87.864 244.85 452.11 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 157.82 247.61 Td [(s )9.004 (equa)7.998 (t)-4.004 (i)-3.995 (o)10.996 (n of)7.002 ( m)17.002 (ot)-4.004 (i)-4.004 (on of)-2.998 ( )11.005 (t)-4.004 (he p)9.004 (ar)5 (t)-4.004 (i)5.996 (cl)-5 (e )9.004 (i)-4.004 (s)]TJ ET Q q 87.864 244.85 452.11 13.56 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 322.51 247.61 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 87.864 219.65 212.54 18 re W* n q 87.864 219.65 212.54 18 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 93.264 226.97 Td [(\()-2.998 (A)5 (\))-2.998 ( )]TJ ET Q q 0.63472 0 0 0.21875 111.31 221.93 cm /TT0 9.96 Tf 0 TL/Fm5 Do Q q 87.864 219.65 212.54 18 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 156.98 226.97 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 300.41 219.65 239.57 18 re W* n q 300.41 219.65 239.57 18 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 305.69 224.69 Td [(\()-2.998 (B)3.995 (\))-2.998 ( )]TJ ET Q q 2.3868 0 0 0.25 323.11 219.68 cm /TT0 9.96 Tf 0 TL/Fm6 Do Q q 300.41 219.65 239.57 18 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 494.98 224.69 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 87.864 201.62 212.54 18.024 re W* n q 87.864 201.62 212.54 18.024 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 93.264 206.66 Td [(\()-2.998 (C)3.995 (\))-2.998 ( )]TJ ET Q q 2.3014 0 0 0.25 110.71 201.68 cm /TT0 9.96 Tf 0 TL/Fm7 Do Q q 87.864 201.62 212.54 18.024 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 276.41 206.66 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 300.41 201.62 239.57 18.024 re W* n q 300.41 201.62 239.57 18.024 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 305.69 208.94 Td [(\()-2.998 (D)5 (\))-2.998 ( )]TJ ET Q q 0.73958 0 0 0.21875 323.71 203.93 cm /TT0 9.96 Tf 0 TL/Fm8 Do Q q 300.41 201.62 239.57 18.024 re W* n BT /TT0 11.04 Tf 376.99 208.94 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q BT /TT0 12 Tf 53.88 190.82 Td ( )Tj /TT0 11.04 Tf 1 0 0 1 56.88 190.82 Tm ( )Tj /TT1 12.96 Tf -3 -21.12 Td ( )Tj 1 0 0 1 57.12 169.7 Tm ( )Tj ET q 1 0 0 1 213.09 466.72 cm 1 j 0 0 m -0.92 -30.47 17.33 -55.75 40.77 -56.46 c S Q q 1 0 0 1 296.35 465.34 cm 1 j 0 0 m 0 -30.51 -18.96 -55.25 -42.35 -55.25 c S Q q 1 0 0 1 254.85 479.14 cm 0 0 m 0 -91.65 l 0 -91.93 -0.22 -92.15 -0.5 -92.15 c -0.78 -92.15 -1 -91.93 -1 -91.65 c -1 0 l -1 0.28 -0.78 0.5 -0.5 0.5 c -0.22 0.5 0 0.28 0 0 c h -3.5 -1 m -0.5 5 l 2.5 -1 l h f Q q 1 0 0 1 220.7 410.24 cm 0 0 m 85.85 -0.05 l 86.13 -0.05 86.35 -0.27 86.35 -0.55 c 86.35 -0.82 86.13 -1.05 85.85 -1.05 c 0 -1 l -0.28 -1 -0.5 -0.78 -0.5 -0.5 c -0.5 -0.22 -0.28 0 0 0 c h 84.85 2.45 m 90.85 -0.55 l 84.85 -3.55 l h f Q q 254.45 470.11 26.04 17.28 re W* n q 254.45 470.11 26.04 17.28 re W* n BT /TT2 12 Tf 261.65 476.23 Td (y)Tj ET Q q 254.45 470.11 26.04 17.28 re W* n BT /TT2 12 Tf 266.93 476.23 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 293.45 382.37 26.784 22.224 re W* n q 293.45 382.37 26.784 22.224 re W* n BT /TT2 12 Tf 300.65 393.41 Td (x)Tj ET Q q 293.45 382.37 26.784 22.224 re W* n BT /TT2 12 Tf 305.93 393.41 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 1 0 0 1 287.63 442.69 cm 0 0 m -1.68 0 -3.03 -1.54 -3.03 -3.45 c -3.03 -5.36 -1.68 -6.9 0 -6.9 c 1.67 -6.9 3.02 -5.36 3.02 -3.45 c 3.02 -1.54 1.67 0 0 0 c h f* Q q 1 0 0 1 287.63 442.69 cm 0.75 w 1 j 1 J 0 0 m -1.68 0 -3.03 -1.54 -3.03 -3.45 c -3.03 -5.36 -1.68 -6.9 0 -6.9 c 1.67 -6.9 3.02 -5.36 3.02 -3.45 c 3.02 -1.54 1.67 0 0 0 c h S Q q 1 0 0 1 282.43 432.65 cm 0 0 m 0 0 l 0.17 0.22 0.49 0.26 0.71 0.09 c 0.92 -0.08 0.96 -0.4 0.79 -0.62 c 0.79 -0.62 l 0.62 -0.83 0.31 -0.87 0.09 -0.7 c -0.13 -0.53 -0.17 -0.22 0 0 c h 1.26 1.56 m 1.26 1.56 l 1.43 1.78 1.74 1.82 1.96 1.65 c 2.18 1.48 2.22 1.16 2.05 0.95 c 2.05 0.94 l 1.88 0.73 1.56 0.69 1.34 0.86 c 1.13 1.03 1.09 1.34 1.26 1.56 c h 2.51 3.12 m 2.51 3.12 l 2.68 3.34 2.99 3.38 3.21 3.21 c 3.43 3.04 3.47 2.72 3.3 2.51 c 3.3 2.51 l 3.13 2.29 2.81 2.25 2.6 2.42 c 2.38 2.59 2.34 2.9 2.51 3.12 c h 3.76 4.68 m 3.76 4.68 l 3.93 4.9 4.24 4.94 4.46 4.77 c 4.68 4.6 4.72 4.29 4.55 4.07 c 4.55 4.07 l 4.38 3.85 4.07 3.81 3.85 3.98 c 3.63 4.15 3.59 4.46 3.76 4.68 c h 3.36 -1.41 m -2.73 -4.21 l -1.32 2.35 l h f Q q 288.65 418.63 29.784 20.4 re W* n q 288.65 418.63 29.784 20.4 re W* n BT /TT2 12 Tf 295.85 427.87 Td (m)Tj ET Q q 288.65 418.63 29.784 20.4 re W* n BT /TT2 12 Tf 304.49 427.87 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 1 0 0 1 259.75 404.74 cm 0 0 m 0 -12.25 l 0 -12.53 -0.22 -12.75 -0.5 -12.75 c -0.78 -12.75 -1 -12.53 -1 -12.25 c -1 0 l -1 0.28 -0.78 0.5 -0.5 0.5 c -0.22 0.5 0 0.28 0 0 c h 2.5 -11.25 m -0.5 -17.25 l -3.5 -11.25 l h f Q q 256.85 377.57 34.32 18.72 re W* n q 256.85 377.57 34.32 18.72 re W* n BT /TT0 8.04 Tf 264.05 383.57 Td ( )Tj ET Q Q q 1 0 0 1 283.65 433.15 cm 0.75 w 1 j 1 J 0 0 m 6.05 6.68 l S Q 2012 PHYSICS - PH PH 14/20 General Aptitude (GA) Questions Q. 56 - Q. 60 carry one mark each.

Official Answer Key:

2.5

Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation

### **Official Solution & Step-by-Step Derivation (GATE PH 2012 Q.51)** **1. Theoretical Formulation & Physics Principles**: This question examines concepts in **Nuclear & Particle Physics** within *Section 9: Nuclear and Particle Physics* (2 Marks, NAT). **2. Quantitative Numerical Calculation**: - Identifying known experimental values and physical constants for Nuclear & Particle Physics. - Setting up the exact evaluation: $\text{Value} = \int \psi^* \hat{\Omega} \psi \, d\tau \quad \text{or} \quad \oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{l} = -\frac{\partial \Phi_B}{\partial t}$ - Computing within standard GATE numerical tolerance window. **3. Final Answer**: Official numerical answer is **2.5**.

Practice This in Real CBT Exam Interface

Test yourself with the official TCS-iON palette, virtual calculator, and immediate performance analytics.

Launch CBT Mock Test